linux版qt下载 qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.8.0.run
终端赋予执行权限和执行
安装完成后打开，建立一个项目运行，执行qmake时报错，原因是操作系统没有安装g++编译工具
安装编译工具
报错
下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：
build-essential : 依赖: libc6-dev 但是它将不会被安装 或
libc-dev
依赖: gcc (>= 4:7.2) 但是它将不会被安装
依赖: g++ (>= 4:7.2) 但是它将不会被安装
依赖: dpkg-dev (>= 1.17.11) 但是它将不会被安装
E: 无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系。
使用aptitude工具安装
sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude install build-essential
方案一跳过
下列动作将解决这些依赖关系：
保持 下列软件包于其当前版本：
1) build-essential [未安装的]
2) dpkg-dev [未安装的]
3) g++ [未安装的]
4) g++-7 [未安装的]
5) gcc [未安装的]
6) gcc-7 [未安装的]
7) libatomic1 [未安装的]
8) libc-dev-bin [未安装的]
9) libc6-dev [未安装的]
10) libgcc-7-dev [未安装的]
11) libitm1 [未安装的]
12) liblsan0 [未安装的]
13) libmpx2 [未安装的]
14) libquadmath0 [未安装的]
15) libstdc++-7-dev [未安装的]
16) libtsan0 [未安装的]
是否接受该解决方案？[Y/n/q/?] n
方案二选择
下列动作将解决这些依赖关系：
删除 下列软件包：
1) cpp-8 [8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now)]
2) libdns1102 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now)]
3) libreoffice-ogltrans [1:6.1.2-0ubuntu1 (now)]
安装 下列软件包：
4) gir1.2-mutter-2 [3.28.1-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
5) gnome-user-guide [3.28.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
6) libcdio17 [1.0.0-2ubuntu2 (bionic)]
7) libdbusmenu-gtk4 [16.04.1+18.04.20171206-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
8) libdns1100 [1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
9) libgail-common [2.24.32-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
10) libgail18 [2.24.32-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
11) libgtk2.0-0 [2.24.32-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
12) libgtk2.0-bin [2.24.32-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
13) libgtk2.0-common [2.24.32-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
14) libmutter-2-0 [3.28.1-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
15) libnss-myhostname [237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
降级 下列软件包：
16) bind9-host [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bion
17) cpp [4:8.2.0-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 4:7.3.0-3ubuntu2 (bionic)]
18) dconf-cli [0.30.0-1 (now) -> 0.26.0-2ubuntu3 (bionic)]
19) dconf-gsettings-backend [0.30.0-1 (now) -> 0.26.0-2ubuntu3 (bionic)]
20) dconf-service [0.30.0-1 (now) -> 0.26.0-2ubuntu3 (bionic)]
21) dnsutils [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bionic
22) firefox [63.0+build1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 59.0.2+build1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
23) gcc-8-base [8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 8-20180414-1ubuntu2 (bionic)]
24) ghostscript [9.25~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 9.22~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)
25) ghostscript-x [9.25~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 9.22~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (bioni
26) gir1.2-totem-1.0 [3.26.2-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.26.0-0ubuntu6 (bionic)]
27) gjs [1.54.1-1 (now) -> 1.52.1-1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
28) gnome-control-center [1:3.30.1-1ubuntu2 (now) -> 1:3.28.1-0ubuntu1 (bion
29) gnome-control-center-data [1:3.30.1-1ubuntu2 (now) -> 1:3.28.1-0ubuntu1
30) gnome-session-bin [3.30.0-0ubuntu4 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bionic)]
31) gnome-session-common [3.30.0-0ubuntu4 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bionic)]
32) gnome-settings-daemon [3.30.1.2-1ubuntu2 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu1 (bioni
33) gnome-settings-daemon-schemas [3.30.1.2-1ubuntu2 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu
34) gnome-shell [3.30.1-2ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bionic)]
35) gnome-shell-common [3.30.1-2ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bionic)]
36) gnome-startup-applications [3.30.0-0ubuntu4 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bi
37) gvfs [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
38) gvfs-backends [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
39) gvfs-bin [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
40) gvfs-common [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
41) gvfs-daemons [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
42) gvfs-fuse [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
43) gvfs-libs [1.38.0-2ubuntu2 (now) -> 1.36.1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
44) libbind9-160 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bi
45) libc-bin [2.28-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.27-3ubuntu1 (bionic)]
46) libc6 [2.28-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.27-3ubuntu1 (bionic)]
47) libc6-dbg [2.28-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.27-3ubuntu1 (bionic)]
48) libcc1-0 [8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 8-20180414-1ubuntu2 (bionic)]
49) libdconf1 [0.30.0-1 (now) -> 0.26.0-2ubuntu3 (bionic)]
50) libdpkg-perl [1.19.0.5ubuntu5 (now) -> 1.19.0.5ubuntu2 (bionic)]
51) libdrm-amdgpu1 [2.4.95-1 (now) -> 2.4.91-2 (bionic)]
52) libgcc1 [1:8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 1:8-20180414-1ubuntu2 (bionic)]
53) libgomp1 [8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 8-20180414-1ubuntu2 (bionic)]
54) libgs9 [9.25~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 9.22~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (bionic)]
55) libgs9-common [9.25~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 9.22~dfsg+1-0ubuntu1 (bioni
56) libirs160 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bioni
57) libisc169 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bioni
58) libisccc160 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bio
59) libisccfg160 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bi
60) liblwres160 [1:9.11.4+dfsg-3ubuntu5 (now) -> 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 (bio
61) libnss-systemd [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
62) libpam-systemd [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
63) libpython2.7 [2.7.15-4ubuntu4 (now) -> 2.7.15~rc1-1 (bionic)]
64) libpython2.7-minimal [2.7.15-4ubuntu4 (now) -> 2.7.15~rc1-1 (bionic)]
65) libpython2.7-stdlib [2.7.15-4ubuntu4 (now) -> 2.7.15~rc1-1 (bionic)]
66) libpython3-stdlib [3.6.6-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
67) libpython3.6 [3.6.7~rc1-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
68) libpython3.6-minimal [3.6.7~rc1-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
69) libpython3.6-stdlib [3.6.7~rc1-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
70) libstdc++6 [8.2.0-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 8-20180414-1ubuntu2 (bionic)]
71) libsystemd0 [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
72) libudev1 [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
73) libxml2 [2.9.4+dfsg1-7ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.9.4+dfsg1-6.1ubuntu1 (bionic)]
74) locales [2.28-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.27-3ubuntu1 (bionic)]
75) python3 [3.6.6-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
76) python3-cryptography [2.3-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 2.1.4-1ubuntu1.1 (bionic)]
77) python3-minimal [3.6.6-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
78) python3.6 [3.6.7~rc1-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
79) python3.6-minimal [3.6.7~rc1-1 (now) -> 3.6.5-3 (bionic)]
80) seahorse [3.30-1 (now) -> 3.20.0-5 (bionic)]
81) systemd [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
82) systemd-sysv [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
83) thunderbird [1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 1:52.7.0+build1-0ubuntu1
84) thunderbird-gnome-support [1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 1:52.7.0+bu
85) thunderbird-locale-en [1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 1:52.7.0+build1
86) thunderbird-locale-zh-hans [1:60.2.1+build1-0ubuntu1 (now) -> 1:52.7.0+b
87) totem [3.26.2-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.26.0-0ubuntu6 (bionic)]
88) totem-common [3.26.2-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.26.0-0ubuntu6 (bionic)]
89) totem-plugins [3.26.2-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 3.26.0-0ubuntu6 (bionic)]
90) ubuntu-session [3.30.0-0ubuntu4 (now) -> 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 (bionic)]
91) udev [239-7ubuntu10 (now) -> 237-3ubuntu10 (bionic)]
92) xdg-desktop-portal [1.0.2-1ubuntu1 (now) -> 0.11-1 (bionic)]
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
93) ubuntu-desktop 推荐 libreoffice-ogltrans
是否接受该解决方案？[Y/n/q/?]Y
之后编译运行项目，还是报错
/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld: 找不到 -lGL
查找opengl库的位置
locate libGL.so
/snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1
/snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1.2.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.7.0
建立软连接到系统库目录
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.7.0 /usr/lib/libGL.so
之后成功编译运行出qt程序
